was charged with carrying a concealed firearm without a license, and while underage. – and frisked him finding a gun in his pocket. The officers focused on one of the young men – 15-year-old J.L. The tip was made by an unknown person, from an unknown location, and did not name a particular person. Officers arrived at the bus stop some time later, where they saw three young black men, “just hanging out.” Other than the supposed anonymous tip – of which there was no recording – there was no reason for the officers to suspect the young men of wrongdoing, or of having firearms. In October 1995, a caller – who wished to remain anonymous – called the police in Miami-Dade, Florida, to report that a young black man, standing at a bus stop, was carrying a gun. * Signed certified mail receipt Indicia Examples in a Firearms Case Examples of Indicia Fact to Be Proven Supporting Indicia The defendant stole the goods * Possession of goods that were recently stolen It is the court’s responsibility to ensure that presentation of indicia, or circumstantial evidence, does not conspire against an innocent person, or mislead a jury, or prejudice the jurors’ minds. In cases where an effect can be achieved by a number of causes, a party to the legal action need only bring up that fact in order to shed doubt. Such cause and effect can only be relied upon if the effect can only arise from the specific cause to which it is attributed. Indicia and circumstantial evidence deal in effects, which occur as a result of a cause. In the judicial setting, there is a danger in allowing conjecture, a line of indicia, and circumstantial evidence to be presented. In the face of such evidence, other facts may be presented that actually prove the thing to be untrue, or at least different from the story as presented. These things are used to build a roadmap of sorts, pointing to the likely truth of a thing. Indicia are things that, regardless of how many exist, only show that a thing is probable – that it probably existed, or that it probably occurred. Again, this is not proof, as other facts might prove his claim to be untrue, but the indicia points toward the occurrence. As an example of indicia, a parking stub validated by a dentist’s office would point to a person’s having attended his dental appointment on a particular date.
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